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目的探讨丙泊酚联合氯胺酮对下肢深静脉血栓形成合并肺栓塞小型猪模型麻醉效果及安全性。方法将20只巴马小型猪随机分为观察组和对照组,每组10只,以戊乙奎醚0.02 mg/kg垣氯胺酮8 mg/kg于颈后部肌内注射进行基础麻醉,观察组给予丙泊酚[5 mg/(kg·h)]联合氯胺酮[5 mg/(kg·h)]静脉输入维持麻醉,对照组给予氯胺酮[5 mg/(kg·h)]静脉输入维持麻醉。观察记录2组小猪麻醉效果、麻醉诱导时间、动物死亡率、循环系统、呼吸系统等指标。结果 2组小型猪麻醉效果比较良好,未出现死亡。观察组麻醉诱导时间为(2.62±1.12)min,明显短于对照组的(4.28±1.31)min(P<0.05);2组小型猪在不同时间点体温(T)、心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、血氧饱和度(Sp O_2)、平均动脉压(MAP)、每分钟通气量(MV)、潮气量(TV)、呼吸末CO_2分压(PetCO_2)等指标相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组小型猪T在注入麻醉药后呈下降趋势,T5、T6与T0相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组小型猪RR、MAP、MV、TV在注入麻醉药后呈下降趋势,T1~T6与T0相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丙泊酚联合氯胺酮较单独使用氯胺酮麻醉效果好,是一种安全、高效的麻醉方法,可在小型猪的动物模型手术实验中推广使用。
Objective To investigate the anesthetic effect and safety of propofol combined with ketamine on mini-pig model of pulmonary embolism with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. Methods Twenty Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 10 rats in each group. Pegasys were anesthetized with intramuscular injection of penehyclidine 0.02 mg / kg and ketamine 8 mg / kg. The observation group Intravenous infusion of propofol [5 mg / (kg · h)] and ketamine [5 mg / (kg · h)] was used to maintain anesthesia while the control group was given ketamine [5 mg / (kg · h)] intravenously to maintain anesthesia. The effects of anesthesia, anesthesia induction time, animal mortality, circulatory system and respiratory system were observed and recorded in 2 groups of piglets. Results 2 groups of miniature pigs anesthesia effect is relatively good, did not appear to die. The time of induction of anesthesia in the observation group was (2.62 ± 1.12) min, which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (4.28 ± 1.31) min (P <0.05). The body temperature, heart rate (HR) RR, Sp O 2, MAP, MV, tidal volume (TV) and PetCO 2 at the end of respiration There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The T pigs in two groups showed a downward trend after injection of anesthetics, and the difference was statistically significant between T5 and T6 (P <0.05) MV and TV showed a downward trend after injection of anesthetics. The difference between T1 ~ T6 and T0 was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions Propofol combined with ketamine is more effective than ketamine alone in anesthesia. It is a safe and effective method for anesthesia. It can be used in small animal model experiments.