对腹膜返折以下的直肠下1/3癌,采用经腹会阴联合切除术,对腹膜返折以上的直肠上1/3癌;采用经腹切除吻合术(DiXon手术)。国内外意见已基本上一致。但对腹膜返折以上的直肠中1/3癌,手术方式的选择。各家意见尚不一致。有主张采用低位Dixon手术;有主张采用经腹骶切除吻合术。如Best手术;Localio手术;有主张采用经腹直肠内拉出切除术。如Black手术;也有主张采用经腹切除,经肛门拉出吻合术,如Turnbull手术。美国著名肛 For 1/3 of the lower rectal cancer below the peritoneal fold, transabdominal perineal resection was performed. Upper 1/3 of rectal cancer above the peritoneum was reversed; abdominal resection and anastomosis (DiXon) was used. Domestic and foreign opinions have been basically the same. However, for the 1/3 of rectal cancer above the peritoneal fold, the surgical approach was chosen. Various opinions are still inconsistent. There are advocates to use low Dixon surgery; there are advocates using transabdominal resection and anastomosis. Such as Best surgery; Localio surgery; There are advocates using transabdominal rectal resection. Such as Black surgery; also advocate the use of transabdominal resection, anastomosis through the anus, such as Turnbull surgery. American famous anal