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主动脉疾病(aortic disease,AD)指由于主动脉壁病变所致的一类疾病,往往高度致命。目前非遗传性AD的发病机制尚未完全阐明。血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMC)是主动脉壁中层的主要细胞成分,通常认为其存在收缩型与合成型两种表型,且可相互转化。VSMC由收缩型向合成型的过度转化在AD的发生发展过程起重要作用。尽管关于VSMC表型转化研究较多,但众多调控机制如何协调运作以及相互之间的关系仍然有待阐明。本文就目前已知的VSMC表型转化调控机制作一综述。
Aortic disease (AD) refers to a group of diseases caused by aortic wall lesions, which are often highly lethal. The pathogenesis of non-hereditary AD is not yet fully elucidated. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the major cellular components in the middle aortic wall. They are often thought of as both contractile and synthetic phenotypes and can be transformed into each other. VSMC from the contractile to synthetic over-conversion in the occurrence and development of AD play an important role. Although there are many studies on the phenotypic transformation of VSMC, it is yet to be elucidated on how many regulatory mechanisms work together and how they interact with each other. This review summarizes the current known regulatory mechanisms of VSMC phenotypes.