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目的探讨优秀运动员运动表象的脑活动特征。方法对健身运动的专家4名和新手8名进行ERP实验,全部为20～25岁的女性。采用组间设计,观看和表象(回忆)两种实验条件,刺激材料为剪辑的全国健身比赛的女子视频。结果观看时:(1)视觉二级区两组均出现P380,专家组激活波幅低于新手且存在显著性差异;(2)运动区域专家组激活程度更高。表象时:(1)专家组表象时间更贴近动作视频的时间;(2)FP1、FP2、F3、F4、FC1、FC2、Cz和T7等电极点表现出专家激活高于新手,且存在显著差异。结论优秀运动员对输入信息加工具有心理资源节省化特征;运动表象的ERPs在额叶区、运动区和颞叶区的激活波幅更高。
Objective To explore the characteristics of brain activity of elite athletes in sports appearance. Methods Four experts and eight novices of fitness exercise were tested with ERP, all of whom were 20-25 years old women. A video of a woman using two experimental conditions, stimulating material for a clip of the national fitness competition, between groups using design, viewing and representation (recall). Results When watching: (1) P380 appeared in the visual second-level area, the activation amplitude of the expert group was lower than that of the novice and there was a significant difference; (2) The activation area of the expert group in the motion area was higher. (2) FP1, FP2, F3, F4, FC1, FC2, Cz, T7 and other electrode points showed that the expert activation was higher than the novice, and there was a significant difference . Conclusion Outstanding athletes have the characteristics of saving psychological resources for the processing of input information. The ERPs of motor appearances have higher activation amplitudes in frontal areas, motor areas and temporal lobes.