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对一种基于线性相位反演的新型波前测量方法的基本原理和性能进行了研究。事先对成像光学系统的自身像差进行定标并记录下定标图像。传感器工作时只需测量出有像差时的一幅远场图像与定标图像的差,就可以用线性矩阵相乘方法得到待测像差对应的泽尼克多项式系数。讨论了这种线性相位反演波前测量方法中确定泽尼克模式复原矩阵的方法。以大气湍流畸变波前像差的测量为例,对这种线性相位反演波前测量方法进行了数值仿真研究。结果表明,这种线性相位反演算法具有空间分辨力高、对小像差测量精度高的特点,但测量动态范围有限。这种线性相位反演波前传感器将适用于自适应光学闭环系统。
The basic principle and performance of a new wavefront measurement method based on linear phase inversion are studied. The self-aberration of the imaging optical system is calibrated in advance and the calibration image is recorded. When the sensor is working, only the difference between a far-field image and a calibrated image with an aberration is measured, and the Zernike polynomial coefficient corresponding to the measured aberration can be obtained by a linear matrix multiplication method. The method of determining the Zernike mode recovery matrix in this linear phase inversion wavefront measurement method is discussed. Taking the measurement of wavefront aberration of atmospheric turbulence distortion as an example, the numerical simulation of wavefront measurement of linear phase inversion is studied. The results show that this linear phase inversion algorithm has the characteristics of high spatial resolution and small aberration, but the measurement dynamic range is limited. This linear phase inversion wavefront sensor will be suitable for adaptive optical closed-loop systems.