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自1951年以来人们一直在研究大型载货运载器。对今后几十年的空间市场预计看出,很可能需要载货运载器来满足下世纪初空间市场需求。采用现有技术的完全重复使用弹道式多级运载器方案能使近地轨道单位运输费用减到最小。每年至少要作十次发射的空间市场才会有足够的条件分期偿还载货运载器的研制费用。决定运载器的成本效用(单位运输费用)是市场大小而不是运载器的尺寸。从市场要求与发射频率的关系来看,地球同步轨道和月球轨道100吨运载能力似乎合乎需要的,按适度市场预计近地轨道单位运输费用为300美元/公斤。但是在21世纪前50年不可能使近地轨道单位运输费用降到50美元/公斤。
People have been studying large carriers since 1951. The space market for the next few decades is expected to see that it is likely that a cargo carrier will be needed to meet the space market needs of the beginning of the next century. The use of state-of-the-art fully reusable ballistic multi-stage carrier solutions minimizes NEO transport costs. The market for space launches, which will be fired at least 10 times a year, will have sufficient conditions for the repayment of the research and development costs of the laden carrier. The cost-effectiveness of determining a carrier (unit shipping cost) is the size of the market rather than the size of the carrier. From the perspective of market demand and launch frequency, it seems desirable that the 100-tonne geostationary orbit and lunar orbit trajectory capacity be expected to be $ 300 / kg for modest markets. However, it was not possible to reduce the cost of transporting NEO units to $ 50 / kg in the first half of the twenty-first century.