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尽管美国矿产资源开发依赖一种兼有私法规范和公法规范在内的综合调整机制,但该机制设计遵循私法优位主义,采取了规范私权配置和运行的主导机制。矿业权的初始配置采取矿地一体化模式,私人所有土地下矿产资源开发强调私权自主,联邦治下土地的矿产资源开发则形成了程序化与固定化的私法机制。借鉴美国矿业资源开发领域的法制实践经验,有助于我国矿业领域的市场化改革和制度完善。
Although the development of mineral resources in the United States relies on a comprehensive adjustment mechanism that combines both private law and public law, the mechanism is designed to follow private law and takes the lead in regulating the allocation and operation of private power. The initial allocation of mining rights takes the mode of integration of mines and territories. The development of mineral resources under the private ownership of land emphasizes the independence of private rights. The development of mineral resources under the federal control of land forms a procedural and fixed private law system. Drawing lessons from the legal practice in the field of mining resources development in the United States, it is helpful for the market-oriented reform and system improvement in China’s mining industry.