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目的:了解遵义市2011年手足口病肠道病毒感染情况和年龄分布情况,为手足口病的防控提供依据。方法:收集2011年遵义市手足口病临床诊断病例1068例,其中重症病例190例。采用实时荧光PCR技术对肠道病毒通用型(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)特异性RNA检测。结果:1068份手足口患者标本中,EV71阳性率28.3%(302/1068)、CoxA16阳性率16.8%(180/1068)、EV阳性率10.9%(117/1086)、EV71和CoxA16双阳性率3.7%(40/1068)。重症病例标本190份,EV71阳性率63.7%、CoxA16阳性率8.4%、EV阳性率7.4%、EV71和CoxA16双阳性率5.8%。结论:遵义市2011年手足口病的病原主要以EV71型为主、并且有EV71和CoxA16混合感染的病例和其他血清型的肠道病毒出现,5岁以下的儿童是肠道病毒感染的高危人群。男女儿童肠道病毒感染无明显差异。
Objective: To understand the status and distribution of enterovirus infection of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zunyi city in 2011, and to provide basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: A total of 1068 clinically diagnosed HFMD cases were collected from Zunyi City in 2011, of which 190 were severe cases. Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect specific RNA of enterovirus (EV), enterovirus 71 (EV71) and CoxA16. Results: The positive rate of EV71 was 28.3% (302/1068), the positive rate of CoxA16 was 16.8% (180/1068), the positive rate of EV was 10.9% (117/1086), and the positive rate of EV71 and CoxA16 was 3.7 % (40/1068). 190 cases of severe cases, EV71 positive rate of 63.7%, CoxA16 positive rate of 8.4%, EV positive rate of 7.4%, EV71 and CoxA16 double positive rate of 5.8%. Conclusion: The pathogen of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zunyi City was mainly EV71 in 2011, and EV71 and CoxA16 mixed infection cases and other serotypes of enterovirus appeared. Children under 5 years old were at high risk of enterovirus infection . There was no significant difference in enterovirus infection between boys and girls.