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在研究贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中群落组成、结构、功能的基础上 ,提出了退化群落恢复潜力度、恢复度和恢复速度 3个评价指标和计算方法 ,分析了退化群落在自然恢复过程中群落高度、盖度、实生株 /总株数、组成结构、显著度、生物量等特征指标的恢复潜力度、恢复度和恢复速度的变化 ,并进行综合评价。结果表明 :低一级演替阶段群落向相邻更高一级演替阶段群落恢复的潜力度最高 ,群落自然恢复是由低级阶段向高级阶段顺序替代过程 ;早期阶段恢复潜力度较高、恢复度低、速度慢 ,中期阶段恢复潜力度高、恢复度中等、速度快 ,后期阶段恢复潜力度低、恢复度高、速度慢。群落整体恢复速度低于群落各特征指标恢复速度。在群落各特征指标中 ,群落高度、盖度、实生株 /总株数、组成结构、显著度的恢复速度高于生物量恢复速度 ,即群落结构恢复快于群落功能恢复。群落自然恢复对策的变化是由早期更新对策向中期结构调整对策至后期结构功能协调完善对策更替。退化喀斯特森林自然恢复 4 0～ 50年可有较为正常的组成、外貌和结构 ,但要达到功能完全恢复则需时很长
Based on the study of the community composition, structure and function of the degraded karst forest in Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province, three evaluation indexes and calculation methods of the recovery potential, recovery degree and recovery speed of the degraded community were proposed. The recovery potentiality, recovery degree and recovery rate of the degraded community in the process of natural restoration, such as community height, coverage, actual plant / total number of plant, compositional structure, saliency, biomass and so on, were evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that the communities with lower successional successions from one succession to the next succession had the highest potential recovery, and the natural restoration of communities was the sequential substitution process from the lower to the advanced stages. The recoveries were higher in the early stages, The degree of recovery is low, the speed is slow, the recovery potential in the middle stage is high, the recovery degree is moderate, the speed is fast, the recovery potential in the later stage is low, the recovery is high, and the speed is slow. The overall recovery rate of communities is lower than the recovery rate of each characteristic index of communities. Community characteristics, community height, coverage, the number of strains / total number of plants, the composition of structure, the rate of recovery was significantly higher than the speed of biomass recovery, that community structure recovery faster than community function recovery. The change of community natural recovery measures is from the early update strategy to the medium-term structural adjustment strategy and the later structural function coordination and perfect countermeasure replacement. The natural recovery of degraded Karst forest may have a more normal composition, appearance and structure during 40 ~ 50 years, but it takes a long time to reach full functional recovery