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英语教学中,可用来引导让步状语从句的连词主要有:although,though,
as,while(尽管,虽然),even if/even though(即使),特殊疑问词+ever/no matter
+特殊疑问词(无论…)等。例如:
Although he is very rich,he doesn't live a happy life。
尽管他很富有,但是他并不幸福。
Even if you invited me ,I would not attend your party。
即使你邀请了我,我也不会去参加你的派对的。
Whatever you say ,I will not believe you 。
無论你说什麽,我也不会相信你。
主要考察点在于:
一、英汉差异:英语中,有虽然就不可有但是,即,句中出现了although/though,就不可再出现but,但是可以使用yet/still 。例如:
尽管她很漂亮,但是她不善良。
Although she is not beautiful ,yet she is very kind /she is still very kind。(正确)
Although she is not beautiful ,but she is very kind 。(错误)
1)as引导的让步状语从句:as引导的让步状语从句,需要将从句中的表语或状语置于句首。例如:
2)尽管他很伤心,但是他在公众面前仍然强装笑颜。
Sad as he was ,he still managed a smile in public。(表语前置)
3)尽管汤姆学习很努力,但是他总是不能通过考试。
Hard as Tom studied,he could not always pass the exams。(状语前置)
注意:1)当从句表语为可数名词单数且前置时,该名词前的不定冠词一定要省略。
如:尽管他还是个孩子,但是他懂得很多。
Child as he is ,he knows a lot 。(表语为可数名词单数)
4)有时也有从句中动词前置的情况。如:
无论他多麽努力的去尝试,他都不能打开那扇门。
Try as he might , he could not open the door。(动词前置)
=However hard he tried , he could not open the door。
二、even if /even though 与 as if /as though 的区别:even if /even though
译为“即使”,用于引导让步状语从句;as if /as though 译为“仿佛、好像”,
用于引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如:
1)Even though you are president,I will not allow you in without the permit。
即使你是总统,没有许可证我也不让你进。 (让步状语从句)
2)It looks as if it is going to rain 。
天看起来仿佛要雨。 (表语从句)
3)The teacher treats his students as though they were his own children。
这位老师对待学生.就像对待自己的孩子一样 。 (方式状语从句)
三、特殊疑问词+ever 与no matter +特殊疑问词的区别
1)特殊疑问词+ever 的形式中,whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever 四词既可以用来引导让步状语从句,又可以用来引导名词性从句;而however、whenever、wherever等三词只可用来引导让步状语从句,可与no matter how 、no matter when 、no matter where互换。如:
Whatever(=No matter what) you say,I will not believe you。(让步状语从句)
I will not believe whatever you say。(宾语从句)
我不会相信你所说的任何话。
Be sure to my home, whenever(=no matter when)you are free。
=Be sure to my home,no matter when you are free。 (让步状语从句)
你有空的时候,一定到我家来玩。
2)no matter +特殊疑问词的形式,只能用来引导让步状语从句。如:
No matter wherever (=Wherever )you go,I will go with you。
无论你去哪里我都跟着你。
No matter how(=However) amusing the story is ,I will put it away so that I can listen carefully。
无论故事多有趣,我都要把它收起来,以便于我能够认真听课。
No matter how(=However)hard he studied,he could not pass the exams。
无论他学习多麽努力 ,他都无法通过考试。
注意:no matter how/however 引导的让步状语从句,需要将从句中的表语或状语前置,放在引导词的后面。
as,while(尽管,虽然),even if/even though(即使),特殊疑问词+ever/no matter
+特殊疑问词(无论…)等。例如:
Although he is very rich,he doesn't live a happy life。
尽管他很富有,但是他并不幸福。
Even if you invited me ,I would not attend your party。
即使你邀请了我,我也不会去参加你的派对的。
Whatever you say ,I will not believe you 。
無论你说什麽,我也不会相信你。
主要考察点在于:
一、英汉差异:英语中,有虽然就不可有但是,即,句中出现了although/though,就不可再出现but,但是可以使用yet/still 。例如:
尽管她很漂亮,但是她不善良。
Although she is not beautiful ,yet she is very kind /she is still very kind。(正确)
Although she is not beautiful ,but she is very kind 。(错误)
1)as引导的让步状语从句:as引导的让步状语从句,需要将从句中的表语或状语置于句首。例如:
2)尽管他很伤心,但是他在公众面前仍然强装笑颜。
Sad as he was ,he still managed a smile in public。(表语前置)
3)尽管汤姆学习很努力,但是他总是不能通过考试。
Hard as Tom studied,he could not always pass the exams。(状语前置)
注意:1)当从句表语为可数名词单数且前置时,该名词前的不定冠词一定要省略。
如:尽管他还是个孩子,但是他懂得很多。
Child as he is ,he knows a lot 。(表语为可数名词单数)
4)有时也有从句中动词前置的情况。如:
无论他多麽努力的去尝试,他都不能打开那扇门。
Try as he might , he could not open the door。(动词前置)
=However hard he tried , he could not open the door。
二、even if /even though 与 as if /as though 的区别:even if /even though
译为“即使”,用于引导让步状语从句;as if /as though 译为“仿佛、好像”,
用于引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如:
1)Even though you are president,I will not allow you in without the permit。
即使你是总统,没有许可证我也不让你进。 (让步状语从句)
2)It looks as if it is going to rain 。
天看起来仿佛要雨。 (表语从句)
3)The teacher treats his students as though they were his own children。
这位老师对待学生.就像对待自己的孩子一样 。 (方式状语从句)
三、特殊疑问词+ever 与no matter +特殊疑问词的区别
1)特殊疑问词+ever 的形式中,whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever 四词既可以用来引导让步状语从句,又可以用来引导名词性从句;而however、whenever、wherever等三词只可用来引导让步状语从句,可与no matter how 、no matter when 、no matter where互换。如:
Whatever(=No matter what) you say,I will not believe you。(让步状语从句)
I will not believe whatever you say。(宾语从句)
我不会相信你所说的任何话。
Be sure to my home, whenever(=no matter when)you are free。
=Be sure to my home,no matter when you are free。 (让步状语从句)
你有空的时候,一定到我家来玩。
2)no matter +特殊疑问词的形式,只能用来引导让步状语从句。如:
No matter wherever (=Wherever )you go,I will go with you。
无论你去哪里我都跟着你。
No matter how(=However) amusing the story is ,I will put it away so that I can listen carefully。
无论故事多有趣,我都要把它收起来,以便于我能够认真听课。
No matter how(=However)hard he studied,he could not pass the exams。
无论他学习多麽努力 ,他都无法通过考试。
注意:no matter how/however 引导的让步状语从句,需要将从句中的表语或状语前置,放在引导词的后面。