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目的了解陕西省居民不同职业人群肥胖和高血压患病现状,为改善其膳食结构,防止肥胖和高血压的发生提供依据。方法采用国际标准评价不同年龄和不同职业人群超重或肥胖比例;测量不同职业组、不同年龄组血压值,评价各类人群中高血压的发病状况。结果陕西省成人超重率为26.36%,肥胖率为7.51%。超重与肥胖的比例为3.51∶1,女性的肥胖、中心性肥胖(8.69%、29.58%)比例高于男性(5.9%、26.53%)。离退休人员和行政领导人员超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖发生比率较高,分别为36.92%、15.38%、55.04%和40.00%、9.07%、42.40%。高血压总患病率为17.52%,学生最低(0.46%),离退休人员最高(38.74%)。高血压发病主要集中于45岁以后,45岁组、55岁组和65岁组患病率为23.64%、33.87%和48.08%。75岁以后,患病率反而降低为42.77%。结论陕西省成人超重和肥胖形势比较严峻,离退休人员、行政管理人员、家务劳动者是肥胖及高血压的高危人群,需采取相关措施加以预防。
Objective To understand the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in different occupational populations in Shaanxi Province and provide evidence for improving dietary structure and preventing obesity and hypertension. Methods The international standards were used to evaluate the proportion of overweight or obesity among different occupational groups and occupational groups. The blood pressure values of different occupational groups and different age groups were measured to evaluate the incidence of hypertension among various groups. Results The overweight rate of adults in Shaanxi Province was 26.36% and the obesity rate was 7.51%. The ratio of overweight and obesity was 3.51: 1. The prevalence of obesity and central obesity (8.69%, 29.58%) in women was higher than that in men (5.9%, 26.53%). The rates of overweight, obesity and central obesity among retired and executive leaders were higher, accounting for 36.92%, 15.38%, 55.04% and 40.00%, 9.07% and 42.40%, respectively. The total prevalence rate of hypertension was 17.52%, the lowest was 0.46% and the highest was retired (38.74%). The incidence of hypertension mainly concentrated in the 45-year-old group, 45-year-old group, 55-year-old group and 65-year-old group prevalence rates of 23.64%, 33.87% and 48.08%. After 75 years of age, the prevalence decreased to 42.77%. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in Shaanxi Province is rather serious. Retired people, administrative staffs and domestic workers are at risk for obesity and hypertension. Relevant measures should be taken to prevent them.