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同素异形体是一常见的化学现象,如磷元素具有红磷白磷两种形式的不同单质;碳元素具有无定型碳、石墨、钻石不同形式的碳单质;硫有弹性硫、斜方硫、单斜硫不同的硫单质等。1.定义同素异形体是指同素异形体,是指由同样的单一化学元素构成,但性质却不相同的单质。2.性质(1)物理性质同素异形体物理性质彼此之间差异比较显著,如氧气(O2)在标准状况下熔点-218℃;沸点-183℃,密度为1.429克/升;
Allotropes are a common chemical phenomenon. For example, phosphorus has different elements in two forms of red phosphorus and white phosphorus; carbon has amorphous carbon, graphite, and diamond in different forms of carbon; sulfur is elastic sulfur, orthorhombic sulfur, Monoclinic sulfur with different sulfur elements and so on. 1. Definitions Allotropes refer to allotropes, which are simple substances that are made up of the same single chemical element but are not identical in nature. 2. Properties (1) Physical properties The physical properties of the allotropes are quite different from each other. For example, the oxygen (O2) has a melting point of −218° C. in the standard state, and the boiling point is −183° C. and the density is 1.429 g/L.