论文部分内容阅读
戴震认为,宋儒“存天理,灭人欲”的思想造成了后世“以理杀人”的现象。为了对此进行批判,他重新诠解了“理”和“欲”这对概念。他指出,“理”就是事物的条理、分理,而涉及人事行为的“天理”则是通过以情度情而来的定然之则。这种以情度情之所以可能,是因为人人都有相同的欲望,“欲”才是一切“理”的基础。这一思想突出了“理”的客观性,对人的自然欲望进行了肯定。但是他把一切价值建立在“欲”的基础上的做法,使“理”失去了规范“欲”的作用,因此,并不能真正实现批判宋儒“天理人欲”之辨的效果。
Dai Zhen believes that the thought of Song Confucianism “saving nature and destroying human desires” has caused the phenomenon of “murdering man by reason” in later generations. In order to critique this, he reinterpreted the concepts of “rationale” and “desire”. He pointed out that “rationale ” is the organization and division of things, and “natural ” related to personnel behavior is determined by the love of the situation. The reason why this love affair is possible is because everyone has the same desire, and “desire” is the basis of all “reasoning.” This thought highlights the objectivity of “rationale ” and affirms the human desire for nature. However, he put all the values on the basis of “desire ”, so that “management ” lost the normative “desire ” effect, therefore, can not really achieve the critical Song Confucianism "The effect of the resolution.