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目的了解深圳口岸出入境人员乙肝疫苗接种情况和预防效果,为乙肝防治和乙肝疫苗推广工作提供依据。方法用问卷调查方式,采集出入境人员共10 089人的基本信息。收集流行病学数据。采血并用 ELISA 法检测乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、表面抗体(抗-HBs)。结果 10 089名出入境人员中接种乙肝疫苗的有4 516例(占44.76%);接种组和未接种组抗-HBs 检出率分别为54.05%和22.63%,两组间存在显著性差异(P<0.005);接种组和未接种组 HBsAg 检出率分别为0.90%和16.06%.两组间存在显著性差异(P<0.005)。结论乙肝疫苗接种能够有效预防乙肝病毒的感染,应采取有效措施,积极开展乙肝疫苗接种工作,进一步降低乙型肝炎病毒感染率。
Objective To understand the situation of hepatitis B vaccination and prevention of entry and exit personnel in Shenzhen Port and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and the promotion of hepatitis B vaccine. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic information about 10 089 people entering and leaving the country. Collect epidemiological data. Blood samples were collected for detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibodies (anti-HBs) by ELISA. Results A total of 4 516 hepatitis B vaccines (44.76%) were vaccinated among 10 089 immigrants. The detection rates of anti-HBs were 54.05% and 22.63% in vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups P <0.005). The detection rates of HBsAg in inoculated and non-inoculated groups were 0.90% and 16.06%, respectively. There were significant differences between the two groups (P <0.005). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination can effectively prevent hepatitis B virus infection, effective measures should be taken to actively carry out hepatitis B vaccination efforts to further reduce the rate of hepatitis B virus infection.