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细胞凋亡(apoptosis,APO)是指在一定的生理和病理情况下,机体为维护内环境的稳定,通过基因调控而使细胞自动消亡的过程.英国 Kerr 教授1972年首先提出凋亡的概念,他主要根据形态学上的不同将细胞凋亡与坏死相区分,并指出前者是一种主动的、程序性的、细胞固有的过程.许多文献又称凋亡为程序性细胞死亡(programmed cell death,PCD),而最新观念认为 APO 是形态学上的慨念,PCD 是发生机制上的概念,不是所有 PCD 都表现为 APO,因而可以认为 APO 是 PCD 的一种形态学表现.1980年以来,细胞凋亡现象受到了广泛重视,有关的研究工作取得了重要进展,并成为医学生物学各学科所共同关注的极为活跃的研究领域.
Apoptosis (APO) refers to the process of maintaining the internal environment and automatically extinction of cells through gene regulation under certain physiological and pathological conditions.Kerr Professor Britain first proposed the concept of apoptosis in 1972, He mainly distinguished apoptosis from necrosis based on morphological differences, and pointed out that the former is an active, programmed, cell-intrinsic process.A lot of literature also referred to apoptosis as programmed cell death , PCD), and the latest concept that APO is a morphological concept, PCD is the mechanism of the concept, not all PCD are manifested as APO, which can be considered APO is a morphological manifestation of PCD since 1980, The phenomenon of apoptosis has received extensive attention, and the relevant research has made important progress, and it has become an extremely active research field that all medical biology focuses on.