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目的:通过对二仙汤及其组方中药对幼年大鼠子宫作用的定量分析,探讨其对子宫功能的影响机制。方法:幼年SD大鼠54只,分为正常对照、己烯雌酚、二仙汤、淫羊藿、仙茅、巴戟天、当归、黄柏和知母9组,各组给药6 d后麻醉大鼠,取血清测量雌二醇(E2)的含量,分离摘取双侧子宫,称重后常规石蜡包埋切片,行HE染色和免疫组织化学染色。结果:己烯雌酚组、二仙汤组、淫羊藿组和仙茅组子宫系数与正常组对比增加明显,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。仅己烯雌酚组E2增高。HE染色发现己烯雌酚组子宫内膜厚度和上皮细胞高度明显增加(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学染色发现己烯雌酚可明显下调雌激素受体α(ERα)和雌激素受体β(ERβ)在大鼠子宫中的表达,而二仙汤及方中君药淫羊藿和仙茅则上调ERα和ERβ的表达(P<0.01)。结论:二仙汤及其方中温肾药(淫羊藿、仙茅)通过调节雌激素受体ERα和ERβ在子宫中的表达而发挥植物雌激素的功能。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Erxian Decoction and its formulation on the uterus function in juvenile rats, and to explore its influence mechanism on uterine function. METHODS: Fifty-four SD rats were divided into normal control group, diethylstilbestrol, Erxian Decoction, Epimedium, Curculigo japonica, Morinda officinalis, Angelica sinensis, Phellodendron chinense and Zhimu 9 groups. Rats were anesthetized 6 days after administration. Serum levels of estradiol (E2) were measured and the bilateral uteri were isolated and weighed. The paraffin-embedded sections were weighed and HE stained and immunohistochemically stained. Results: The uterine coefficient of the diethylstilbestrol group, Erxian decoction group, Epimedium group and Curculigo chinesis group were significantly increased compared with the normal group (P<0.05). Only diethylstilbestrol group E2 increased. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the endometrial thickness and epithelial cell height in the diethylstilbestrol group increased significantly (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that diethylstilbestrol could significantly down-regulate the expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) in rat uterus, while Erxiantang and Fangzhongjunyi Epimedium and Curculigo were up-regulated. And ERβ expression (P <0.01). Conclusions: Erxian Decoction and its Fangzhong Zhongwen Kidney (Euphorbia Epiphylla, Curculigo japonica) exert phytoestrogen function by regulating the expression of estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ in the uterus.