在关于改革初期的历史叙述中,存在一些不同的、甚至对立的说法和观点,比如新时期历史的起点是1976年10月,还是1978年12月;改革的基本经济背景是国民经济濒于崩溃边缘,还是国民经济体系初步建成;改革一开始是市场取向,还是计划取向。这每一对范畴的真实关系,或可用相反相成来形容。 In the historical narrative about the initial stage of reform, there are some different and even opposite views and opinions. For example, the starting point of history in the new period is October 1976 or December 1978. The basic economic background of the reform is that the national economy is on the brink of collapse , Or the initial establishment of the national economic system; the beginning of the reform is the market orientation, or plan orientation. The true relationship of each of these categories can be described in terms of opposition.