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目的了解辽宁省锦州地区手足口病的病原学特征及变化趋势,为手足口病防治工作提供参考依据。方法日常监测工作中收集2008-2011年锦州地区294例手足口病临床确诊患儿的330份样本检测结果,其中咽拭子274份,粪便标本56份,进行病原学检测。结果 294例被检测患儿中246例为肠道病毒阳性,阳性率为83.67%,其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性率30.61%,柯萨奇A组16型(Cox A16)阳性率32.31%,EV71、Cox A16混合感染阳性率0.34%,其他肠道病毒阳性率20.41%。330份标本中咽拭子阳性率82.12%(225/274),粪便阳性率71.43%(40/56)。2008-2011年病例的咽拭及粪便标本采用不同检测方法、不同试剂的阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论锦州市儿童手足口病病原体以EV71和Cox A16为主,每年略有不同,近年其他肠道病毒感染率逐年增高。手足口病患者的咽拭和粪便标本的阳性检出率无差异。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics and trends of hand-foot-mouth disease in Jinzhou area of Liaoning Province and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The routine monitoring work collected 330 samples from 294 children with hand-foot-mouth disease diagnosed in Jinzhou in 2008-2011, including 274 throat swabs and 56 stool samples for etiological testing. Results Of the 294 children tested, 246 were positive for enterovirus, the positive rate was 83.67%. The positive rate of enterovirus 71 (EV71) was 30.61% and the positive rate of Cox A16 was 32.31 %, EV71, Cox A16 mixed infection positive rate of 0.34%, other enterovirus positive rate of 20.41%. The positive rate of throat swab in 330 samples was 82.12% (225/274) and the positive rate of stool was 71.43% (40/56). There were no significant differences in the positive detection rates of different reagents between 2008 and 2011 in pharyngeal swabs and stool specimens (P> 0.05). Conclusion The pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in children in Jinzhou are mainly EV71 and Cox A16, with a slight difference every year. In recent years, the infection rates of other enteroviruses have been increasing year by year. Hand-foot-mouth disease in pharyngeal swab and stool specimens positive rate was no difference.