人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)发现迄今已 2 0余年 ,其广泛流行已成为全球瞩目的公共卫生问题和社会问题。根据世界卫生组织估计 ,到 2 0 0 1年底全世界HIV感染患者已达40 0 0万 ,其中每年有 150万HIV阳性妇女妊娠 ,大约有 60万儿童通过母婴传播感染HIV ,占儿童感染者的 90 %。据估计 For more than 20 years now, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has found its widespread epidemic has become a public health and social issue of global concern. According to WHO estimates, by the end of 2001, there have been 4.0 million cases of HIV infection worldwide, of which 1.5 million HIV-positive pregnant women are pregnant each year, about 600,000 children are infected by mother-to-child transmission of HIV, Of the 90%. It is estimated