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分别以山羊草属4个不同的种为母本,以普通小麦为父本杂交,将获得的杂种再进行回交和自交。结果表明,不同种与普通小麦的可交配性存在较大差异,在人工多次授粉并有激素处理的条件下,粗山羊草与普通小麦的杂交结实率最高,2个基因型Ae42和Y92的杂交结实率分别为46.49%和22.58%;其次为卵穗山羊草,2个基因型Ae23和Y100的杂交结实率分别为12.11%和14.76%;柱穗山羊草位列第3,2个基因型Ae7和Y145的杂交结实率分别为2.23%和8.50%;拟斯卑尔脱山羊草最低,基因型Ae48的杂交结实率只有0.19%。不同种的杂种胚产生愈伤组织率不同,柱穗山羊草/小麦表现较高的水平,卵穗山羊草/小麦次之,粗山羊草/小麦第3,拟斯卑尔脱山羊草/小麦最低。卵穗山羊草/小麦的杂种幼胚直接成苗率最高,其次为粗山羊草/小麦,柱穗山羊草/小麦居第3位。山羊草与普通小麦杂种的育性较低,在自然状态下,只有卵穗山羊草/小麦能够自交结实,但自交结实率仅为0.044%,其他杂种自交不能结实。在人工多次授粉并激素处理条件下,用父、母本回交的结实率:卵穗山羊草/普通小麦组合分别为4.36%和3.71%,柱穗山羊草/普通小麦组合分别为0.33%和0,粗山羊草/普通小麦组合分别为0和0.33%。总体而言,在自然条件下,基因从普通小麦向山羊草属植物漂移的可能性比较小,但对个别种如卵穗山羊草和柱穗山羊草成为基因漂移对象的可能性不可忽视。
Four different species of Aegilopsia were taken as female parent and the common wheat was used as the male parent to breed and the obtained hybrids were backcrossed and selfed. The results showed that there was a big difference in the mateability between different species and common wheat. Under artificial pollination and hormone treatment, the seed setting rate of Aegilops tauschii and Triticum aestivum was the highest. The two genotypes Ae42 and Y92 The seed setting rate of Ae23 and Y100 were 12.11% and 14.76%, respectively. The third and the second genotypes of Aegilops tauschii hybrids were 46.49% and 22.58% Ae7 and Y145 were 2.23% and 8.50%, respectively. The lowest Aegiceras corniculatum and the Ae48 genotype were only 0.19%. Different varieties of hybrid embryos produce different callus rates, with higher percentage of stems / goats / wheat, followed by oat and goats / wheat, coarse goat / wheat and spruce / wheat lowest. The ovale goatgrass / wheat hybrid seedling embryos directly into the highest rate, followed by coarse goatgrass / wheat, columnar ear of goatgrass / wheat ranks third. The fertility of the hybrids between goat and common wheat was low. Under natural conditions, only oat and goatgrass / wheat could self-fertilize, but self-fertility rate was only 0.044%. Under the conditions of artificial pollination and hormone treatment, the seed set rate of backcrossing with the parents and the female parent was 4.36% and 3.71%, respectively, and the combination of the stems and goats was 0.33% And 0, Aegilops tauschii / Triticum aestivum were 0 and 0.33% respectively. Overall, under natural conditions, genes are less likely to drift from common wheat to Aegilops. However, the possibility of gene drift for individual species such as Echinochloa crusgalli and Aegilops tauschii can not be ignored.