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采用分层抽样方法,选取了湖南省35家医院的607例受检者,借助于热释光剂量仪,通过对不同级医院、不同类型设备、不同千伏模式所致受检者剂量的比较,调查了湖南省内三种主要胸部X射线摄影设备所致受检者入射体表剂量(ESD)水平。初步得出如下结论,对于胸部X射线摄影,高千伏模式所致受检者的平均入射体表剂量要小于低千伏模式;由于普通X射线机、CR、DR成像处理能力不同,这三种设备所致受检者入射体表剂量一般呈现普通X射线机>CR>DR的规律;这三种设备在不同规模医院的分布现状,在一定的层面上可以反映出,不同级医院胸部X射线摄影所致受检者的平均入射体表剂量有如下规律:一级医院>二级医院>三级医院。普通X射线摄影给受检者带来较大的辐射风险,在用它对受检者进行胸部摄影时,医师要做好适应症分析,同时,在不影响诊断的前提下,工作人员应尽量按“高电压、低电流、厚过滤、小照射野”的原则选取合适的条件曝光。
By stratified sampling method, 607 subjects from 35 hospitals in Hunan Province were selected. By means of thermoluminescence dosimetry, the dose of the subjects in different levels of hospitals, different types of equipment and different kilovolt models was compared , Investigated the level of incident body surface dose (ESD) of subjects due to three major chest X-ray equipment in Hunan province. Preliminary conclusions are drawn as follows: for chest X-ray photography, the average incidence of body surface dose of subjects under high-kV mode is smaller than that of low-KV mode; due to the difference of CR and DR imaging processing ability among ordinary X-ray machines, The amount of incident body surface dose caused by the equipment generally shows the regularity of CR> DR> DR. The distribution of these three kinds of equipment in hospitals of different scales can be reflected in a certain level. The chest X The average incidence of body surface dose caused by radiography has the following rules: First-class hospital> Second-class hospital> Third-class hospital. General X-ray radiography to the subject to bring a greater risk of radiation, when used in the subject’s chest photography, the physician should do indications analysis, at the same time, without affecting the diagnosis of the premise, the staff should try their best Press the “high voltage, low current, thick filter, a small field of radiation,” the principle of selecting the appropriate exposure conditions.