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目的了解云南省3～6岁儿童血压水平及高血压患病情况。方法采用整群分层抽样方法对云南省14个地(州)、市的12个民族3～6岁儿童进行血压测量,并对其父母进行问卷调查。参照百分位数法、离差法和预定值法制定云南省3～6岁儿童高血压评价标准。结果共调查3～6岁儿童15877人,其中男童8042人,女童7835人。3～6岁儿童收缩压均值为(95.2±8.3)mmHg,舒张压均值为(62.6±7.7)mmHg。其血压随着年龄的增长而增加,男童收缩压高于女童,差异有统计学意义,舒张压无性别差异。若以收缩压≥110mmHg和收缩压≥第95百分位数值判定为高血压,其高血压患病率均为7.1%,以收缩压≥x珚+2s判定为高血压,则高血压患病率为2.4%;若以舒张压≥70mmHg或≥第95百分位数值或≥x珚+2s判定为高血压,其高血压患病率分别为24.3%、5.6%和4.7%。结论在目前常用的3种高血压评定标准中,以第95百分位数法较为合理;云南省3～6岁儿童高血压的诊断标准定为110/76mmHg是适宜的参考值。
Objective To understand the blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in children aged 3 ~ 6 years in Yunnan Province. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to measure the blood pressure of 12 ethnic minority children aged 3-6 in 14 prefectures and cities of Yunnan Province. The parents were surveyed by questionnaire. Reference to the percentile method, deviation method and the predetermined value method for the development of Yunnan Province 3 to 6 years old children with hypertension evaluation criteria. Results A total of 15,877 children aged 3 to 6 years were investigated, including 8,042 boys and 7,835 girls. Systolic blood pressure was 95.2 ± 8.3 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 62.6 ± 7.7 mmHg in children aged 3-6 years. The blood pressure increased with age, boys systolic blood pressure was higher than the girls, the difference was statistically significant, no difference in diastolic blood pressure. If the systolic blood pressure ≥ 110mmHg and systolic blood pressure ≥ 95th percentile value of hypertension were identified, the prevalence of hypertension were 7.1%, systolic blood pressure ≥ x 珚 +2s was identified as hypertension, the prevalence of hypertension The prevalence rate was 2.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.3%, 5.6% and 4.7% respectively if the diastolic blood pressure was ≥70mmHg or ≥95th percentile or ≥x 珚 + 2s. Conclusion The 95th percentile method is the most commonly used among the three hypertension evaluation standards. The diagnostic criteria for hypertension in children aged 3-6 years old in Yunnan Province is 110/76 mmHg, which is an appropriate reference value.