对内蒙古乡镇工业企业的职业危害进行了调查，结果有８７．８６％的厂矿存在职业危害，有４９．０４％的工人接触尘毒等有害因素。有害作业厂矿主要分布在煤炭采选、建材采选、建材制造等１０个行业。有害作业点监测合格率４４．５８％，职业病和观察对象的检出率分别为３．３９％和７．４８％。结果表明，内蒙古乡镇工业职业危害较严重，治理任务艰巨 Occupational hazards of industrial enterprises in villages and towns in Inner Mongolia were investigated. As a result, 87.86% of factories and mines were occupational hazards, and 49.04% of workers were exposed to harmful factors such as dust poisoning. Harmful operation factories and mines are mainly distributed in coal mining, building materials mining, building materials manufacturing 10 industries. 44.58% of the monitoring points of harmful operation points and 3.39% and 7.48% of the occupational diseases and observation objects respectively. The results show that the occupational hazards of villages and towns in Inner Mongolia are more serious and the task of governance is arduous