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采用红外热像仪、表面温度计等对双盘式浮顶储油罐的表面温度场进行测试。结果表明:罐顶表面温度呈轴对称分布,径向温度梯度远高于周向,且距离罐中心越远,表面温度越高。油蒸汽挥发导致浮顶和罐壁间的一二次密封处散热损失明显升高,使其成为罐顶表面温度最高的区域。浮舱隔板、桁架和椽子等结构形成了热桥,使局部位置的表面温度升高,增大了罐顶的散热损失。罐壁周向表面温度梯度低于轴向,并且受油温影响较大,在罐壁保温结构的结合部位、局部保温结构破损位置的表面温度较高,散热损失较大。基于表面温度法,结合环境温度和风速测试结果,采用强迫对流换热关联式计算得到储罐不同部位的散热损失。结果表明:对于双盘式浮顶储油罐,罐顶散热损失最大,约占储罐总散热损失的67%,罐壁散热损失约占25%,罐底散热损失约占8%。
The surface temperature field of double-disc floating roof storage tank was tested by infrared camera and surface thermometer. The results show that the temperature of tank top surface is axisymmetric, the radial temperature gradient is much higher than the circumferential direction, and the farther the tank center, the higher the surface temperature. Oil vapor volatilization causes a significant increase in heat loss from the first and second seal between the roof and the tank wall, making it the area with the highest tank top surface temperature. Floors, truss and rafters and other structures form a thermal bridge, so that the local surface temperature increases, increasing the roof heat loss. The circumferential surface temperature gradient of the tank wall is lower than that of the axial direction, and is greatly affected by the oil temperature. The surface temperature of the damaged part of the local insulation structure is higher at the joint part of the tank wall thermal insulation structure, and the heat loss is larger. Based on the surface temperature method, combined with ambient temperature and wind speed test results, the heat loss of different parts of the storage tank was calculated by using the forced convection heat transfer correlation method. The results show that for the double-disc floating roof storage tank, the heat loss on the tank top is the largest, accounting for about 67% of the total heat loss of the tank, about 25% on the tank wall, and about 8% on the tank bottom.