一、改革背景与依据 改革开放以来,通过实行以家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营机制,调整农产品价格和购销政策,保障农民的经济利益等各种措施,有效地调动了农民的生产积极性,促进了农村生产力的发展。但是由于各种原因,农民负担问题一度相当严重。这在不同程度上引起了 I. Background and Basis of Reform Since the reform and opening up, various measures have been effectively mobilized by implementing the double-lever operation mechanism based on family-based contractual management, integrating the prices of agricultural products and the purchase and sale policies, and guaranteeing the economic interests of peasants The enthusiasm for production has promoted the development of rural productive forces. However, due to various reasons, the peasant burden problem was quite serious. To some extent this has been caused