海塘与运河、长城被称为中国古代三大公共工程,以往海塘史研究成果不多且集中在工程技术史领域。近年来这种情况有所改观。笔者从历史地理学角度对明清江南海塘建设过程与环境响应进行探讨。~①和卫国从18世纪政府职能全面加强的角度讨论清代钱塘江塘工问题,为深化海塘史研究做了很好的探索。~②从历史地理学角度看,应把海塘建设放入具体时空背景中并结合技术与环境等因素 Seawalls and canals, the Great Wall is known as the three major public works in ancient China, the past few achievements in seawall research and concentrated in the field of engineering and technology history. This situation has changed in recent years. From historical geography angle, the author discusses the process and environment response of the sea-pond construction in the south of Ming and Qing Dynasties. From the perspective of comprehensively strengthening the government functions in the 18th century, Wei and Weiguo discussed the problem of pond-making in the Qiantang River in the Qing Dynasty and made a good exploration for deepening the study of the history of sea-ponds. ~ ② From the perspective of historical geography, seawall construction should be put into a specific space-time background and combined with factors such as technology and environment