Objective: To determine the potential effectiveness and toxicity of this therapy in children with advanced neuroblastoma on day--3(BM). Treatment regimens followed by autologous PBSC infusion were performed in 19 children with neuroblastoma (n=12) or malignant lymphoma (n=7) for consolidation treatment. There were thirteen males and six females,with a median age of 6.4 years (raging 3.5～13 years). Results: The median period of achieving ANC ＞0.5×109/L,WBC＞1.0×109/L, and platelet ＞20×109/L after infusion of PBSCs were 21 d, 17 d, and 33 d respectively. Stomatitis occurred in 16 children (86%), and twelve had gastrointestinal toxicity (64%). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 14 (74%)children. Fifteen patients (79%) survived. Ten patients (53%) are alive in CR. These patients are alive for a median of 639days and disease-free for 909 d after transplantation. Four cases (21%) relapsed, and four cases (21%) died. Conclusion:CEM or BM regimen followed by autologous PBSCT infusion is safe and feasible, and has significant effects in children with advanced neuroblastoma or malignant lymphoma.