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【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)学龄期儿童在绘人测验中的表现特征。【方法】运用投射技术的绘人测验对77例ADHD学龄期儿童和77例对照组儿童进行测试,分析ADHD儿童在绘人测验当中Koppitz情绪指标以及自我意象指标的表现特点。【结果】ADHD儿童和对照组儿童在绘人测验Koppitz情绪指标及自我意象指标出现率上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中ADHD组3个及以上情绪指标的出现率高于正常组(P<0.01),ADHD组儿童在躯体组合不良、双臂太短、双臂太长、图像太大、牙齿、缺手、缺双足等7个情绪指标的出现率明显高于对照组(P<0.01),ADHD组在自我同性和微笑唇形指标的出现率低于正常组(P<0.05);ADHD组在针尖样瞳孔、闭眼和人以外指标的出现率高于正常组(P<0.01)。【结论】绘人测验可以反映ADHD儿童的情绪特征,其结果可为ADHD的诊断和干预提供参考。
【Objective】 To investigate the performance characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during the painting test. 【Methods】 The test of painter using projection technique was used to test 77 ADHD school-age children and 77 control children. The characteristics of Koppitz’s emotional index and self-image index were analyzed in ADHD children’s painting test. 【Results】 The children with ADHD and the control group had statistically significant differences in the Koppitz emotion index and the appearance rate of self-image index (P <0.01), among which, the incidence of 3 or more emotional indicators in ADHD children was higher than that in normal children (P <0.01). The ADHD group had significantly lower body constitution, too short arms, too long arms and too big images, and the incidence of seven emotional indexes such as teeth, missing hands and missing feet was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). The incidences of lipstick indexes of self-same sex and smile in ADHD group were lower than those in normal group (P <0.05). The incidence of pinpoint pupillary, P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 The painting test can reflect the emotional characteristics of children with ADHD. The results may provide a reference for the diagnosis and intervention of ADHD.