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马克思主义视域下的思想政治教育具有鲜明的意识形态性,体现了无产阶级的阶级意志,反映了无产阶级的阶级利益诉求。思想政治教育主体、客体及其关系问题是贯穿思想政治教育中最关键、最基础的理论问题。根据马克思主义主客体理论以及思想政治教育主客体关系的特殊性,思想政治教育的主体并不仅仅是指教育者,而是具有多种主体形式的主体系统。思想政治教育的客体指向也不仅仅是指受教育者,由于对思想政治教育理解的不同,客体所呈现的形式也会存在差别。思想政治教育的主体与客体具有动态性,在一定条件下,主体与客体可以相互转化。由于思想政治教育的主体和客体呈现出多种形式,因此,认识关系、实践关系、价值关系和审美关系就构成了思想政治教育的主客体关系系统。
The ideological and political education under the sight of Marxism has a distinct ideology, embodies the class will of the proletariat and reflects the class interest demands of the proletariat. The subject, object and their relationship of ideological and political education are the most crucial and basic theoretical issues throughout the ideological and political education. According to the theory of subject and object in Marxism and the particularity of the relationship between subject and object in ideological and political education, the subject of ideological and political education is not only the educator, but the subject system with many kinds of subject forms. The object orientation of ideological and political education also does not mean only the educated. Because of the different understanding of the ideological and political education, the forms of the objects are different. The subject and object of ideological and political education are dynamic. Under certain conditions, the subject and the object can be transformed into each other. Because the subject and object of the ideological and political education have many forms, understanding the relationship, the practice, the relationship of value and the aesthetic relationship constitute the system of the subject-object relationship of the ideological and political education.