论文部分内容阅读
哈耶克否定性规则的结构应该从动机、边界和内涵三个方面去理解。从动机方面看,否定性规则是在肯定性规则所限定的领域之外,由感觉、动机推动的,对“无知”领域探索所界定的规则。在否定性规则下,人们有从事规则所禁止的行动之外的自由选择的权利。从边界方面看,肯定性规则所依据的有限理性的边界就是否定性规则的边界,只是它在有限理性的边界之外行动。从内涵方面看,它与肯定性规则相对立,并在现实生活中显露出与肯定性规则的内涵相互交织的特征,使制度性的结构呈现出双重性,由此也产生了诸多问题。这些问题的提出对当代制度性变革具有一定意义。
The structure of Hayek’s negative rules should be understood in terms of motivation, boundaries and connotations. In terms of motivation, the negative rules are those defined by the exploration of “” “ignorance ” areas that are beyond the area defined by the positive rules, driven by feeling and motivation. Under negative rules, people have the right to freely choose to engage in activities prohibited by the rules. From the perspective of boundaries, the boundary of bounded rationality on which positive rules are based is the boundary of negative rules, except that it acts outside the boundaries of bounded rationality. From the perspective of connotation, it confronts the affirmative rules and exposes the intertwined features with the affirmative rules in real life, which causes the institutional structure to appear duality, thus resulting in many problems. These questions are of some significance to the contemporary institutional change.