20世纪三四十年代的日本侵华战争,不仅给中华民族带来了深重的灾难,也对中国博物馆事业造成了巨大破坏。博物馆建筑被炸,大量馆藏文物被掠夺或毁损,许多博物馆藏品在迁移途中发生不同程度的毁损、丢失,博物馆数量急剧下降。此外,国内其他文化机构所拥有的文物和民间收藏文物也惨遭蹂躏,来自日本的考古人员在沦陷区盗掘地下文物,使我国博物馆事业未来发展的潜在资源遭受重创。战后虽然我国向日本进行文物追索,但巨大的文物损失并未获得应有的赔偿。今天,以史实证明日军侵华对中国博物馆事业造成的破坏,为继续追索被日掠夺文物提供新的证据,是我们学界不可推卸的责任。 The Japanese invasion of China in the 1930s and 1940s not only brought profound disaster to the Chinese nation, but also caused tremendous damage to the cause of Chinese museums. Museum buildings were bombed, a large number of collections of cultural relics were looted or damaged, many museum collections in the migration occurred in varying degrees of damage, loss, a sharp decline in the number of museums. In addition, cultural relics and folk cultural relics owned by other domestic cultural institutions were also devastated. Archaeologists from Japan illegally explored underground relics in the enemy-occupied areas and the potential resources for the future development of the museum’s cause in our country were hit hard. Although China carried out cultural relics repatriation to Japan after the war, huge loss of cultural relics did not get the due compensation. Today, history shows that the Japanese invasion of China destroyed the cause of the Chinese museum. It is an unshirkable responsibility of our academic community to continue to recruit new evidence of being plundered by Japan.