近十多年来,世界钢铁工业经受了两次石油危机的冲击。能源价格以及随之而来的原材料价格上涨,迫使炼铁工作者采取各种措施降低原材料消耗,节省能源,以最终达到降低生铁成本,提高经济效益的目的。譬如日本为适应现有生产条件,在原料使用方面,对过去高生产率时期的原料标准做了修改,使用了小粒原料,如小粒烧结矿 In the past decade or so, the world steel industry has suffered the impact of two oil crises. Energy prices and consequent increases in raw material prices force steelmakers to take various measures to reduce the consumption of raw materials and save energy so as to ultimately reduce pig iron costs and increase economic efficiency. For example, in order to adapt to the existing production conditions, Japan has revised the raw material standards in the past during the period of high productivity in the use of raw materials and used small-grained raw materials such as small grain sinter