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本文对在超临界二氧化碳(ScCO2)中进行的聚合反应进行了综述。评述了ScCO2作为聚合反应介质的优点,以及在ScCO2中可进行的聚合反应类型,包括均相聚合、沉淀聚合、分散聚合、乳液及反相乳液聚合、阳离子聚合、开环聚合、熔融态缩聚、溶胶-凝胶聚合、聚合物混合合成、链催化转移聚合、氧化-偶合反应聚合、氮氧自由基可控活性聚合、原子转移自由基聚合、可逆加成-断裂链转移、电化学聚合、原子转移聚合与酶催化开环聚合两种活性聚合在ScCO2中同时聚合、二氧化碳作为原料共聚合等。
In this paper, the polymerization reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) are reviewed. The advantages of ScCO2 as a polymerization medium and the types of polymerization reactions that can be performed in ScCO2 are reviewed, including homogeneous polymerization, precipitation polymerization, dispersion polymerization, emulsion and inverse emulsion polymerization, cationic polymerization, ring opening polymerization, melt polycondensation, Sol-gel polymerization, polymer hybrid synthesis, chain-catalyzed transfer polymerization, oxidative-coupling reaction polymerization, nitroxide controlled living polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer, electrochemical polymerization, Transfer polymerization and enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of two kinds of living polymerization in ScCO2 at the same time polymerization, carbon dioxide as a raw material copolymerization.