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目的:为完善我国药品价格管理制度提供参考。方法:以口服阿奇霉素为代表品种,对广东省13个地级市共112家药店的药品价格进行实地调查,收集相关数据,并采用SPSS 11.0软件进行数据处理和分析。结果:不同城市口服阿奇霉素的价格有较大差异,平均价格最高的城市是潮州,最低的是佛山,二者之间的差距超过100%;不同剂型之间的价格有较大差异,价格最低的为胶囊,最高的为干混悬剂;有商品名组价格高于无商品名组;郊区或农村的药品价格高于市区;单体药店高于连锁药店;口服阿奇霉素价格与人均国内生产总值水平呈负相关;合资药品价格高于国产药品。结论:生产成本是影响价格的一个重要因素,但部分药品通过改剂型而成为所谓的“新药”获取了较多的超额利润;影响零售药店药品价格的一个重要因素可能是市场竞争格局,在市场竞争较为激烈的区域,零售药品价格偏低;相对单体药店而言,连锁药店通过有效的管理,药品价格有所降低;合资药品价格明显高于国产药品,原因在于国产药品主要为仿制药,在定价体系中处于劣势,部分合资药品享受单独定价待遇,价格较高。
Objective: To provide reference for improving the drug price management system in our country. Methods: Taking oral azithromycin as the representative variety, the price of drugs in 112 pharmacies in 13 prefecture-level cities of Guangdong Province was investigated on the spot. Data were collected and analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software. Results: The prices of oral azithromycin in different cities varied greatly. The city with the highest average price was Chaozhou, the lowest was Foshan, the difference between the two was more than 100%. The prices among different dosage forms were quite different and the prices were the lowest For the capsules, the highest for the dry suspension; a product name group price higher than the non-brand name group; suburban or rural drug prices higher than the city; single pharmacy pharmacies than chain stores; oral azithromycin price and per capita gross domestic product Value level was negatively correlated; the price of joint-venture drugs was higher than that of domestic drugs. Conclusion: The cost of production is an important factor that affects the price. However, some drugs have gained more excess profits by changing the dosage form into so-called “new drugs.” An important factor that affects the price of retail drug stores may be the market competition pattern, In areas where market competition is more intense, the prices of retail medicines are relatively low; in comparison with single drug stores, the prices of medicines are reduced through the effective management of chain pharmacies; the prices of joint-venture medicines are obviously higher than those of domestically produced drugs because the domestic medicines are mainly imitations Pharmaceuticals are at a disadvantage in the pricing system, and some joint-venture drugs enjoy separate pricing treatment and higher prices.