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在广东省中山市农业区域范围内共采集了65个表层土样和37个农产品样品,采用GC-FID检测方法分析了土壤和农产品样品中被美国环境保护署(EPA)优先控制的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物含量,并对其污染水平、污染程度进行了评价.结果表明,中山市农业土壤样品中6种PAEs化合物总浓度(ΣPAEs)范围为0.14~1.14 mg·kg-1,平均含量为0.43mg·kg-1,检出率为100%.不同土地利用类型中土壤的ΣPAEs含量大小顺序依次为菜地>果园地>稻田.与美国土壤6种优控的PAEs控制标准相比,邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)含量超过控制标准,超标率分别为93.85%和27.69%,其余4种优控PAEs化合物的含量均低于美国标准.总体上,中山市农业土壤中ΣPAEs含量处于较低水平.中山市农产品中ΣPAEs含量范围为0.15~3.15 mg·kg-1,平均含量1.12 mg·kg-1,蔬菜中ΣPAEs的含量高于水稻和水果.农产品中PAEs含量低于美国和欧洲食品建议指标,健康风险很小.DBP和DEHP在土壤、农产品中占ΣPAEs的百分比和检出率均较高,是中山市PAEs污染物的主要组成部分.不同种类农产品-土壤中的ΣPAEs、DBP存在显著正相关,其中蔬菜-菜田土壤的Pearson相关系数(r)分别为0.81(P=0.000)、0.75(P=0.000),水稻-稻田土壤中二者的r分别为0.74(P=0.036)、0.65(P=0.041),水果-果园土壤中相关系数分别为0.66(P=0.029)、0.78(P=0.045).不同农产品对土壤中6种PAEs化合物的累积能力存在明显差异,但对ΣPAEs总量的富集系数均大于1.因此,在农业区域土壤质量评价过程中,应重视农产品自身特性对PAEs吸收和累积的影响.
A total of 65 surface soil samples and 37 agricultural products samples were collected in the agricultural area of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. The GC-FID detection method was used to analyze 6 neighboring species of soil and agricultural products that were preferentially controlled by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Phthalate esters (PAEs), and their pollution levels and pollution levels were evaluated.The results showed that the total PAEs concentration in agricultural soil samples in Zhongshan ranged from 0.14 to 1.14 mg · kg- 1, the average content was 0.43mg · kg-1, the detection rate was 100% .The content of ΣPAEs in soils of different land-use types was in the order of vegetable field> orchard field> paddy field, and controlled by 6 kinds of PAEs (DBP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) content exceeded the control standard, the exceeding standard rate was 93.85% and 27.69%, respectively, and the content of the other four excellent controlled PAEs compounds The content of ΣPAEs in agricultural soil was lower in Zhongshan.The content of ΣPAEs in agricultural products in Zhongshan ranged from 0.15 to 3.15 mg · kg-1 with the average content of 1.12 mg · kg-1, and ΣPAEs in vegetables The content of PAEs in agricultural products is lower than that of rice and fruits National and European food recommendations indicators, health risks are very small.DBP and DEHP in soil, agricultural products accounts for the proportion of ΣPAEs and the detection rate is high, Zhongshan City PAEs pollutants is a major component of different types of agricultural products - soil ΣPAEs and DBP. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of vegetable-vegetable soil was 0.81 (P = 0.000), 0.75 (P = 0.000), and the r of rice-paddy soil was 0.74 (P = 0.036), 0.65 (P = 0.041), and the correlation coefficients of fruit and orchard soil were 0.66 (P = 0.029) and 0.78 (P = 0.045) .The accumulative abilities of different agricultural products to six PAEs in soil were significantly different , But the enrichment coefficients of the total amount of ΣPAEs are greater than 1. Therefore, in the assessment of soil quality in agricultural areas, the importance of the characteristics of agricultural products on the absorption and accumulation of PAEs should be emphasized.