目的了解1990年和2010年中国人群3种细菌性脑膜炎的疾病负担。方法利用2010年全球疾病负担研究结果,采用发病数和发病率,死亡数和死亡率,DALY(伤残调整生命年)数和率,YLL(早死造成的生命损失年)数和率,YLD(伤残造成的生命损失年)数和率指标,描述1990年和2010年中国人群肺炎球菌感染、b型流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎和脑膜炎球菌感染的疾病负担并进行分析。结果 2010年较1990年,我国3种细菌性脑膜炎的标化发病率降幅达50%左右,死亡率降低75%左右。5岁以下儿童,尤其是1岁以下婴儿细菌性脑膜炎的DALY率最高。2010年1岁以下婴儿b型流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎DALY率为97.82年/10万,肺炎球菌感染为49.49年/10万,脑膜炎球菌感染为32.22年/10万。随年龄增长,DALY率下降明显,但70岁及以上各种细菌性脑膜炎的DALY率又小幅升高。总体来看,2010年肺炎球菌脑膜炎的疾病负担最重、b型嗜血杆菌脑膜炎次之,脑膜炎球菌感染最低。结论 2010年较1990年,我国3种细菌性脑膜炎疾病负担明显下降。5岁以下儿童,尤其是1岁以下婴儿是细菌性脑膜炎发病和死亡的高危人群。 Objective To understand the burden of disease caused by three kinds of bacterial meningitis in Chinese population in 1990 and 2010. Methods Based on the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study, the number and incidence of morbidity and mortality, the number of deaths and deaths, the number and rate of DALY (disability-adjusted life years), YLL (the number of years of life lost due to premature death) and YLD ( Years of life lost due to disability) and rate indicators to describe and analyze the disease burden of pneumococcal, b, and meningococcal infections of the Chinese population in 1990 and 2010. Results Compared with 1990, the standardization rates of three kinds of bacterial meningitis in our country decreased by about 50% and the mortality rate decreased by 75%. Bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years of age, especially infants under one year of age, had the highest DALY rate. In 2010, the incidence of DALY in infants under 1 year of age was 97.82 years / 100,000, pneumococcal infection was 49.49 years / 100,000, and meningococcal infection was 32.22 years / 100,000. With age, DALY rate decreased significantly, but 70 years of age and above all kinds of bacterial meningitis and DALY rate increased slightly. Overall, the most serious burden of pneumococcal meningitis disease in 2010, followed by b-type Haemophilus meningitis, meningococcal infection the lowest. Conclusion Compared with 1990, the burden of three kinds of bacterial meningitis diseases in our country decreased significantly. Children under 5, especially infants under 1 year old, are at high risk of bacterial meningitis.