当从社会学的角度来研究科学的时候,首先必须考虑的是这种研究的必要性。为什么要从社会学的角度来对科学进行研究呢?对于这个问题,有几个理由要回答。其一,科学随着人类的发展从很早起就和人类社会有了密切的关系。因此,为了理解社会,就必须考察它和科学的关联性。作为这样一种社会科学的探讨,就产生了科学社会学。这是最通常性的说明。作为回答这个问题的第二个说明,是要特别关注现代社会与科学的密切关联性,为了理解现代社会,就 When studying science from the sociological point of view, one must first consider the necessity of such a study. Why do we need to study science from a sociological point of view? There are several reasons to answer this question. First, science has had a close relationship with human society since the early days of humankind. Therefore, in order to understand society, we must examine its relevance to science. As a discussion of such a social science, it produced scientific sociology. This is the most general description. As a second explanation for answering this question, we should pay special attention to the close connection between modern society and science. In order to understand the modern society,