马尔尼菲青霉菌是一种双相型致病真菌,可致人类感染,多器官受累,引起系统播散性马尔尼菲青霉病(PSM)。病情凶险,如未能及时有效诊断和治疗,病死率极高。由于其临床表现复杂无特异性,诊断比较困难。为了提高PSM的早期诊断水平,近年来各国学者对PSM的实验室诊断进行了深入研究并取得了可喜进展。作者就PSM的实验室诊断进展予以综述。 Penicillium marneffei is a biphasic pathogenic fungus that causes human infections, multiple organ involvement, and systemic disseminated Penicillium marneffei (PSM). In dangerous condition, if not timely and effective diagnosis and treatment, mortality is extremely high. Because of its clinical manifestations of complex non-specific, more difficult to diagnose. In order to improve the level of early diagnosis of PSM, scholars in various countries conducted an in-depth study on the laboratory diagnosis of PSM in recent years and made encouraging progress. The author reviews the progress of laboratory diagnosis of PSM.