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利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面熔覆Ni60合金,通过正交试验研究了相关工艺参数对熔覆层结构的影响。结果表明:随电流、离焦量、激光移动间距、送粉量的增大,熔覆层的有效面积先增后降,至最佳工艺为220 A、32 mm、1.80 mm、3g/min达到峰值,分别为9.760、10.553、10.387、11.852 mm2;随电流、离焦量的增大,熔覆层的均匀性由好转差,至220 A、32mm达到最佳,而激光移动间距和送粉量的影响对其不大;经最佳工艺熔覆后的试样,熔覆层与基体之间属冶金结合,熔覆层组织为γ-Ni固溶体基体上均匀分布着铬、铁的碳化物和硼化物等硬质相,基体-热影响区-熔覆区的显微硬度从260.4HV到820.6HV呈梯度分布,熔覆层的有效面积为17.650mm2,波峰、波谷、波宽的标准差分别为0.018、0.015、0.012。
The laser cladding technique was used to weld Ni60 alloy on the surface of 45 steel. The effects of relevant process parameters on the structure of cladding layer were studied by orthogonal experiments. The results show that the effective area of the cladding layer first increases and then decreases with the increase of current, defocus amount, laser moving distance and the amount of powder feeding, and the optimum process is 220 A, 32 mm, 1.80 mm and 3 g / min Peak, respectively, 9.760,10.553,10.387,11.882 mm2; with the current, the amount of defocus increases, the uniformity of the cladding layer from bad to better, to 220 A, 32mm to achieve the best, and the distance between the laser and the amount of powder feeding The effect is not big on it. After the cladding, the cladding layer is metallurgically bonded with the substrate, and the coating is composed of γ-Ni solid solution with chromium and iron carbides evenly distributed on the substrate Borides and other hard phases. The microhardness of matrix-heat affected zone-cladding zone is gradient distributed from 260.4HV to 820.6HV, and the effective area of cladding layer is 17.650mm2. The standard deviation of wave crests, troughs and wave widths are respectively 0.018, 0.015, 0.012.