资产阶级民主革命和民族解放运动是人类社会进入近代以来的两大潮流 ,其间 ,民族主义作为一种社会思潮和政治运动 ,起着至关重要的作用 ,推动欧洲各国从封建社会向资本主义社会的过渡和民族国家的构建。民族主义作为国际关系中最为活跃的因素 ,塑造着世界的面貌 ,确切地说欧洲近代民族主义形成于近代民族国家构建过程中 ,尤其是法国大革命 ,极大地激发了欧洲各国人民的民族情感 ,使民族意识和国家意识充分地结合起来 ,掀起了近代民族主义运动的高潮 The bourgeois-democratic revolution and the national liberation movement are two major trends since the entry of mankind into the modern era. In the meantime, nationalism has played a vital role as a social ideological trend and as a political movement, pushing forward the development of European countries from feudal society to capitalist society The transition and the construction of nation-state. As the most active factor in international relations, nationalism shapes the face of the world. Specifically, the formation of the modern European nationalism in the process of constructing the modern nation-state, especially the French Revolution, has greatly stimulated the national feelings of the people of all European countries. National awareness and national awareness fully integrated, setting off the climax of the modern nationalist movement