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目的了解洞庭湖澧水流域林家村血吸虫病流行动态,为洞庭湖洲垸亚型流行区制定血吸虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集2002-2013年林家村血吸虫病情、螺情、人口和社会经济数据,以及实施的各种防治措施等资料,分析林家村血吸虫病疫情指标的动态演变规律。结果林家村居民血吸虫病人群感染率逐年下降,由2002年8.13%降至2013年0.70%,其中男性感染率高于女性,职业以渔民感染率最高。12年间耕牛粪检阳性率维持在8%左右。垸外钉螺密度大幅度下降,由2003年秋季最高10.60只/0.1m2降至2014年秋季1.77只/0.1m2。2003年垸外秋季感染螺平均密度高达0.023只/0.1m2,2007年以后未检测到感染性钉螺。结论林家村血吸虫病疫情大幅度下降,耕牛和渔民是今后防治的工作重点。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis in Linjiashan village, Dongting Lake, which provides a scientific basis for the development of schistosomiasis control strategies in embankment endemic areas of Dongting Lake. Methods The data of schistosomiasis, snails, population and socioeconomic data in Linjiasha from 2002 to 2013 were collected, and various control measures were taken to analyze the dynamic evolution of schistosomiasis in Linjiacun. Results The infection rate of schistosomiasis patients in Linjiashan Village decreased year by year from 8.13% in 2002 to 0.70% in 2013, of which the infection rate was higher in males than in females, and the occupational rate was the highest among fishermen. 12-year cow dung seized positive rate remained at about 8%. The density of snails outside the embankment decreased significantly from the highest in 2003 to the lowest in autumn of 10.60 / 0.1m2 in 2014 to 1.77 /0.1m2 in autumn. In 2003, the average annual discharge was 0.023 /0.1m2. After 2007, To infected snails. Conclusions The epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Linjian Village has been greatly reduced. Cattle and fishermen are the focus of work in future prevention and treatment.