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从投入产出角度,在采用主成分分析提取投入产出主成分的基础上,运用超效率三阶段DEA模型,修正了环境变量与随机因素的影响,对2013年中国各省域的综合运输效率进行测算,最后采用空间自相关检验和空间散点图分布分析了我国综合运输效率的空间集群特征。结果表明:1剔除外部环境变量和随机因素等影响后,我国总体综合运输效率有所下降(调整前0.87→调整后0.74),呈现东部高、中部次之、西部效率低的空间格局;2调整前后,我国均有10省域处于运输效率前沿面,调整前后效率最优的省域分别为广东(调整前4.34→调整后1)、天津(调整前0.72→调整后1.15),效率最低的省份为西藏(调整前0.06→调整后0.05);3我国各省域综合运输效率存在空间正相关性和空间集聚效应,主要表现为低低聚集,高效率地区聚集效应不显著。
From the perspective of input-output, using principal component analysis to extract the principal components of input-output, using the three-stage super-efficiency DEA model, the environmental variables and random factors were amended to make comprehensive transportation efficiency in all provinces of China in 2013 Finally, spatial clustering characteristics of China’s comprehensive transport efficiency are analyzed by spatial autocorrelation test and spatial scatter distribution. The results showed that: (1) After excluding the influence of external environmental variables and random factors, the overall efficiency of transport in China declined (from 0.87 before adjustment to 0.74 after adjustment), showing the spatial pattern of high in the east, low in the middle and low in the west; Before and after, 10 provinces in China were at the frontier of transportation efficiency. The provinces with the best efficiency before and after adjustment were Guangdong (before adjustment 4.34 → after adjustment 1), Tianjin (before adjustment 0.72 → after adjustment 1.15), and provinces with the lowest efficiency Tibet (before adjustment 0.06 → after adjustment 0.05). 3 There is a positive spatial correlation and a spatial agglomeration effect on the comprehensive transport efficiency in all provinces in China, mainly showing low and low aggregation, and no significant aggregation effect in high-efficiency areas.