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过去,一般认为有机质对土壤肥力有重大作用。近年来,在发达国家,传统的有机农业转变为现代化的常规农业或无机农业以后,据说农化研究者对有机肥在土壤肥力上的作用以及农业生产中的处理办法是不相同的。日本等国,由于集约养畜,畜粪尿已作为污染源来对待,再不做为肥料对待了。加拿大等国,有的把秸秆就地烧去,以促进其矿化作用。所以,“有机质对肥力的贡献仍是一个研究课题”。日本城野(亻宏)还提出了必须把以肥沃土壤为中心的旧农业,从根本上转变到不以肥土为中心的新农业上来的新观点。正确地理解和对待这种分歧,将能促进我国农业现代化的顺利发展。
In the past, organic matter was generally considered to have a significant effect on soil fertility. In recent years, after the transformation of traditional organic agriculture into a modern, conventional or inorganic agriculture in developed countries, agrochemical researchers were said to differ in their role in soil fertility and in agricultural production. Japan and other countries, due to intensive livestock, livestock excreta has been treated as a source of pollution, no longer treated as fertilizer. Canada and some other countries, some burned the straw locally to promote its mineralization. Therefore, “the contribution of organic matter to fertility is still a research topic.” Japan’s Shono (Takahiro) also proposed a new view that the old agriculture centering on fertile soil must be changed from a fundamental one to a new one that is not based on fat soil. Correctly understanding and treating such differences will promote the smooth development of China’s agricultural modernization.