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理解单原子催化的基本机理对于设计高性能和高稳定性的催化剂体系至关重要.然而,这是个有待解决的问题,因为用现有的实验技术来表征单原子催化活性位极端困难.在过去的40年里,表面科学为理解多相催化提供了基础,但是有关反应温度下、已知结构金属氧化物上稳定的金属原子的模型体系罕见报道.本视角讨论了已知的、吸附在模型金属氧化物表面上的、孤立的金属原子,并探讨了如何利用这些信息去理解单原子催化.一个关键的问题是,尽管在表面科学研究中的高度理想化的模型体系可能无法代表真实反应条件下的催化剂,但是它们与采用理论模拟计算得出的模型非常相似.因此,表面科学有望成为评估单原子催化模型的方法.更令人兴奋的是,几个研究组已经发展出在升温条件下金属吸附原子仍保持稳定的模型体系.但到目前为止,还不能清楚地解释催化活性.最后,本文简要地讨论了在真实反应条件下扫描隧道显微镜的实验前景.
Understanding the basic mechanism of monatomic catalysis is crucial to the design of high performance and high stability catalyst systems However, this is an unresolved issue because it is extremely difficult to characterize the sites of the monatomic catalytic activity with current experimental techniques In the past For 40 years, surface science has provided the basis for understanding heterogeneous catalysis, but a model system for metal atoms known to stabilize metal oxides at reaction temperatures has rarely been reported.From this perspective, Metal atoms on the surface of metal oxides and explores how to use this information to understand single-atom catalysis.A key issue is that while highly idealized model systems in surface-science research may not represent true reaction conditions , But they are very similar to models calculated using theoretical simulations, so surface science is expected to be a method of evaluating single-atom catalysis models.More exciting is that several groups have been developed to increase the temperature at elevated temperatures The metal-adsorbed atoms remain stable in the model system, but so far no clear explanation of catalytic activity Finally, this article briefly discusses the experimental prospect of scanning tunneling microscopy under real reaction conditions.