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阐明粳稻细胞质雄性不育系开花习性与异交率之间的关系,是选育高异交率粳稻不育系的重要基础。在对284份滇一型粳稻细胞质雄性不育系的自然异交率检测和部分不育系开花性状观测的基础上,通过相关分析和开花习性的精细比较,发现粳稻不育系间自然异交结实率变化幅度较大,大多数粳稻不育系的自然异交率都比较低,但同时也鉴定出少量高异交率的不育系。相关分析发现颖花的开颖角度与粳稻不育系的自然异交结实率呈显著正相关。通过对3个不育系开花性状的精细观察分析,显示了开花集中度是影响粳稻不育系异交率的重要因素。在粳稻不育系的育种实践中应该加大对不育系开颖角度和开花集中度的选择,以提高粳稻不育系的异交结实率。
It is important to clarify the relationship between the flowering habit and the rate of outcrossing of japonica CMS lines and is an important basis for breeding high-yield japonica CMS lines. Based on the observation of natural outcrossing rate of 284 Dian-type Japonica CMS lines and the flowering traits of some CMS lines, we found that the cross between the male sterile lines of Japonica through natural comparison The rate of seed setting varied greatly. Most of the male sterile lines had lower natural rate of outcrossing, but also identified a few CMS lines with high rate of outcrossing. Correlation analysis showed that the opening angle of spikelets was significantly and positively correlated with the natural outcrossing rate of japonica CMS lines. Through the detailed observation and analysis of the flowering traits of the three CMS lines, it was shown that flowering concentration is an important factor affecting the outcrossing rate of japonica CMS lines. In the breeding practice of japonica CMS lines, we should increase the openness angle and flowering concentration of sterile lines to improve the outcrossing rate of japonica CMS line.