The mechanism of micropores formed on the surface of polycrystalline pure aluminum under high-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) irradiation is explained.It is discovered that dispersed micropores with sizes of 0.1-1μm on the irradiated surface of pure aluminum can be successfully fabricated after HCPEB irradiation.The dominant formation mechanism of the surface micropores should be attributed to the formation of supersaturation vacancies within the near surface during the HCPEB irradiation and the migration of vacancies along grain boundaries and/or dislocations towards the irradiated surface.It is expected that the HCPEB technique will become a new method for the rapid synthesis of surface porous materials.High-current pulsed electron beams (HCPEBs)have attracted much attention in the field of material surface modification.[1-7] During the transient bombardment process a high energy (108-109 W·cm-2) is deposited only in a very thin layer (less than tens of micrometers) within a very short time (a few microseconds) and thereby causes ultrafast heating and cooling on the irradiated surface of materials.The dynamic stress fields induced in these processes can induce intense deformation on the material surface.