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认知语义学理论认为,词汇同义关系是通过语义属性的联系而形成的既定语义关系,储备于词汇知识当中。而根据词汇语用学关联理论,词汇在语境中表达的意义需要通过语用推理机制在线调整和充实。本文基于认知心理学的特别范畴(ad hoc category)理论,提出词汇之间认知相似性的建立不仅是储存在大脑中通过经验建立固有联系(association),而是以语言的待确定性(linguistic underdeterminacy)为基础和前提,通过语用推理机制和特别范畴将交际双方认知加工努力转移至潜在相关信息的方式建立。特别范畴对词汇同义关系的在线构建起限制和激活作用。
The theory of cognitive semantics holds that the synonymous relationship of words is the established semantic relationship formed through the connection of semantic attributes, which is stored in the vocabulary knowledge. According to the theory of lexical pragmatics, the meaning of lexical expression in context needs to be adjusted and enriched online through pragmatic reasoning mechanism. Based on the theory of ad hoc category of cognitive psychology, this paper proposes that the establishment of cognition similarity between words is not only stored in the brain but also established by the experience of the inherent association (association), but the language to be determined linguistic underdeterminacy, through the mechanism of pragmatic inference and the special category, to establish the cognitive processing efforts of both parties involved in the communication to potentially relevant information. Special Categories Restrict and Activate Online Construction of Lexical Synonyms.