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本文以中原地区的五个典型遗址的生业状况为例,结合其他相关资料,归纳出中原地区的生业特征可以分为仰韶文化和龙山至二里头文化两个阶段。新的生产力要素在公元前2200年左右进入中原地区,中原地区的生业状况整体上呈持续发展的过程。持续发展的过程和加入新的生产力要素这两个特征在中华文明早期发展过程中发挥了重要的作用。在肯定经济基础决定上层建筑的前提下,还必须高度重视上层建筑在促进持续发展的生业状况及推广新的生产力要素过程中的重要作用。在生业状况基本一致的中原地区出现多次政治中心的转换,是上层建筑具有重要作用的表现。在生业发展方面缺乏持续性是其他地区的共同特征,这一共性与其他地区在考古学文化层面表现出的分裂、中断和倒退等现象是相互关联的。
This paper takes the five typical sites in the Central Plains as an example. Combining with other relevant data, this paper concludes that the characteristics of the secondary industry can be divided into Yangshao culture and Longshan to Erlitou culture. The new factor of productive forces entered the Central Plains region around 2200 BC. The status of the general practitioners in the Central Plains showed a continuous process of development. The two characteristics of the process of continuous development and the addition of new productive forces played an important role in the early development of Chinese civilization. On the premise of affirming the economic foundation of the superstructure, we must also attach great importance to the important role superstructures play in promoting the sustainable development of the state of employment and in promoting the new elements of production. The fact that the political center has been transformed many times in Central China, where the status of students and occupations are basically the same, is an important part of the superstructure. The lack of sustainability in the development of a career is a common feature of other regions, a phenomenon that is interrelated with other regions’ disintegration, disruption and regression in archeology and culture.