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为了解滇型杂交粳稻亲本的遗传差异,对云南农业大学稻作所多年来选育出的34份恢复系和29份保持系的10个农艺性状进行主成分及聚类分析。结果表明:滇型杂交粳稻63份亲本材料的10个农艺性状可简化为6个彼此互不相关的综合指标(主成分):即单穗产量、大穗、穗数、株形、穗形、穗性状因子,该6个主成分的特征根累积贡献率高达91.42%。基于主成分分析在欧氏距离的水平上进行系统聚类,以3.5的距离将63个材料划分成7大类群,其中第7类群有48份材料,占76.19%。第1,2,4,5,6等5个类群的材料全部为恢复系,说明在滇型杂交粳稻的恢复系中具有丰富的遗传多样性。然而,对于保持系和第7类恢复系而言,需借助分子手段进行研究以进一步了解其遗传差异。
In order to understand the genetic difference of Dian-type japonica hybrid rice parents, the principal components and cluster analysis were conducted on 34 agronomic traits of 34 restorer lines and 29 maintainer lines selected from rice cultivation in Yunnan Agricultural University. The results showed that the ten agronomic traits of 63 parents of Dian type japonica hybrid rice could be simplified into six comprehensive indexes (principal components) which were unrelated to each other: single panicle yield, large panicle, panicle number, plant shape, panicle shape, Ear trait factors, the six main components of the cumulative contribution rate of the root as high as 91.42%. Based on the principal component analysis, the systematic clustering was conducted on the Euclidean distance. The data of 63 materials were divided into seven groups according to the distance of 3.5, among which, the seventh group had 48 materials accounting for 76.19%. The 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th and so on were all restorer lines, indicating that they had rich genetic diversity in restorer lines of Dian type japonica hybrid rice. However, for maintainer lines and restorer lines of type 7, molecular studies are needed to further understand their genetic differences.