High-speed, high-resolution infrared t hermography, as a non-contact, full-field, and nondestructive technique, was used to study the temperature variations of a cobalt-based ULTIMET alloy subjected to cyclic fatigue. During each fatigue cycle, the temperature oscillations, which were due to the thermal-elastic-plastic effects, were observed and related to stress-strain analyses. The change of temperature during fatigue was utilized to reveal the accumulation of fatigue damage . A constitutive model was developed for predicting the thermal and mechanical responses of ULTIMET alloy subjected to cyclic deformation. The model was constru cted in light of internal-state variables, which were developed to characterize the inelastic strain of the material during cyclic loading. The predicted stress -strain and temperature responses were found to be in good agreement with the e xperimental results.